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Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003100140001-2 LUCID DREAMING 729 The judge was asked to determine whether one (or none) of the polysom- Nographic epochs corresponded with the reported lucid dream signal. In 24 cases, the judge was able to select the appropriate 30-sec. epochs (out of abour 1000 per polysomnogram) on the basis of correspondence between re- ported and observed signals (Table 1). The probability that the selections were correct by chance alone is astronomically small. Al signals associated with lucid dream reports occurred during epochs of unambiguous REM sleep scored according to the standard criteria (Rechrschaffen & Kales, 1968). The lucid dream signals were followed by an average of 1 min. (range: 5 to 450 sec.) of uninterrupted REM sleep. Inspection of the polysomnographic epochs preceding the lucid dream signal reports suggested the failures with blind matching (the “false nega- tives”) were due to high baseline EOG and wrist EMG activity, resulting io an unfavorable signal-to-noise ratio. However, no clear instances of signals were observed except where reported, i.e., there were no "false positives.” On the other hand, in many cases, the reported signals were unequivocal (see Figs. 1 and 2). The most reliable signal was a series of extreme horizontal eye movements (left, right, left, right.) EEG you, u \ Leet te HH i left wriet v wrist Fic. 1. Polygraph record of a subject signaling that he knows he is dreaming. The subject awoke approximately 20 sec. after this excerpt and reported recognizing that he was dreaming and performing the agreed upon signal in the dream, ie., he directed his dream gaze upwards momentarily (U) and then executed a sequence of dreamed left (L) and right (R) fist clenches, Morse code for S.L., che subject's initials, Note thet unlike the predominantly horizontal eye movements (above right), the extreme upward eye movement (U) produces characteristic artifact in the EEG channel. All three of the scoring criteria for REM sleep are met: low amplicade chin EMG, episodic REMs, and low-voltage, mixed-frequency EEG (Rechtschaffen & Kales, 1968). The EEG shows occasional 10-Hz (alpha) activity as is normal during REM sleep (Rechtschaffen, 1973); integration of che alpha band-pass filtered EEG showed the amount of alpha activity during the lucid dream did oot significantly differ from chat during the preceding non- lucid portion of the REM period. (Calibrations: 50%V; 5 sec.) 3 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003100140001-2