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‘STYRE. ACRYLONITRILE inhibited during storage. Safety data sheet available me Manufacturing Chemists Assn., Washington, Uses: Polystyrene plastics; SBR, ABS and SAN resins; protective coatings (Styrene-butadiene latex; alkyds); styrenated polyesters; subber-modified polystyrene; copolymer resins, intermediate Shipping regulations: (Rail) Not fisted. (Air) (in- hibited} No label required; (uninhibited) Not ac- ceptable. styrene-acrylonitrile. See polystyrene. styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). By far the most widely used type of synthetic rubber; its consumption for all type of sy tic rubber; Ons fall applications is about four times that of poly butadiene, its nearest competitor, and 1/4 times that of all other elastomers combined, Its manufacture involves co- polymerization of about 3 parts butadiene with J part styrene. These materials are suspended in finely divided emulsion form in a large proportion of water, in the presence of a soap or detergent. Also present in small amounts are an initiator or catalyst which is usually a peroxide, and a chain-modifying agent such as dodecy! mercaptan. Uses: Tires, footwear, mechanical goods; coatings; adhesives; solvent-release sealants; carpet backing. See also rubber, synthetic; polymerization; free radical. “styrene nitrosite. A compound resulting from the reac- tion between styrene and nitrogen dioxide and used as a qualitative or quantitative specific test for monomeric styrene in mixtures with other hydrocarbons. styrene oxide CsH;CHOCHD. Properties: Colorless to pale straw-colored liquid. Boiling range (5 to 959%) 194.2-195°C; fp. ~36.6°C; flash point 180°F (COC); refractive index (n 25/D) 1.5328; sp. gr. (25/4°C) 1.0469; miscible with ben- zene, acetone, ether, and methanol. Combustible. Hazard: Moderately toxic and irritant. Uses: Highly reactive organic intermediate. “Styresoi.”"" Trademark for a group of siyrenated alkyd resins with air-drying end baking properties and high resistance to gasoline, alkalies, acids, and water. “Styrocrete."? Trademark for latex formulation used as an additive for cement manar to bond plastic foam to various surfaces. wate “Styretex. Trademark for styrenated alkyd resins. “Styrofoam.”" Trademark for expanded, cellular polystyrene (avai: je in colors). Used: Insulating material; light-weight materials for boats, toys, etc.; separators in packing containers, airport runways; highway construction; battery cases. “Styron.7?? Trademark for polystyrene resins, general purpose, medium and hi tmpact, heat and impact- cat resistant, and light-stabilized resins (“Styron Verelite”). Available in wide range of translucent and opaque colors, as well as natural and crystal. Uses: Packaging, toys, appliance parts, bottle closures and containers, hot and cold drinking cups, television cabinet backs, automotive components and machine housings, lighting equipment. styryl carbinol. See cinnamic alcohol. suberane, See cycloheptanc. suberic acid (octanedioic acid) HOOC(CH:)COOH. Properties: Colorless crystals from water, mp. 143°C; b.p. 279°C at 100 mm. Sparingty soluble in ether; soluble in alcohol and hot water; slightly soluble in cold walter. Combustible. 822 ( Derivation: Oxidation of cyclooctene or cyclooctane. Uses: Intermediate for the synthesis of drugs, dyes and high polymers. suberone. See cycloheptanone. sublimation. The direct passage of a substance from soud to vapor without appearing in the intermediate (hqutd} state. An exampte is solid carbon dioxide which vaporizes al room iemperature, the conversion may also be from vapor to solid under appropriate condi- lions of temperature. subnuciear particle. A particle either found inthe nucleus or observed coming from the nucteus as the resuit of nuclear reaction or rearrangement, i¢., neutrons, mesons, etc. substance. Any chemical element or compound. All substances are characterized by a unique and identical constitution, and are thus homogeneous (q.¥.). “A material of which every part is like every other part is said to be homogeneous and is ca!led a substance.” {Black and Conant, “Practical Chemistry.”) See also homogencous. substantive dye. See direct dye. substituent. An tom or radical that replaces another in a molecule as the result of a reaction. See substitution. substitution. The replacement of one element or radical by another as a result of a chemical reaction. Chlorina- tion of benzene to produce chiorobenzene is a typical example; in this case a chic-ine atom replaces a hydro- gen atom in the benzene molecule. substrate. (1} A substance upon which an enzyme or ferment acts. (2) Any solid surface on which a coating or layer of a different materia! is deposited. subtitlin. An antibiotic proZcce¢ by the metabolic processes of a strain of Bacilins subtilis. It is a cyclic polypeptide similar to bacitracin in chemical structure and antibiotic activity, but not as important Clinically. Subtilin is active against many grara-positive bacteria, some gram-negative cocci, and some species of fungi. It is a surface tension depressant, and its antibiotic action is increased by use of wetting agents. Properties: Soluble in water in pH range 2.0-6.0; soluble in methanol and ethanol (upto 80); insoluble in dry ethanol or other common organic solvents. Rela- tively stable in acid solutions. Inactivated by pepsin and trypsin, and destroyed by light. Uses: Medicine; seed disinfectant. succinaldehyde (butanedial) OHCCH-CH;CHO. Properties: Liquid; sp. gr. 1.064 (20:4°C)}, b.p. 169- 170°C. Refractive index 1.4254. Soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. The name succinaldechyde is often incorrectly used in commerce as a synonym for succinic anhydride. succinic acid (butanedigic acid) CO-H(CH2)2CO?7H. Properties: Colorless crystals; slightly soluble in water; soluble if alcohol and ether; odoriess; acid taste. Sp. F 1.552, m.p. 185°C; bp. 235°C. Combustible. Ww toxicity. Derivation: Fermentation of ammonium tartrate. Grades: Technical; C.P.; F.C.C, Containers: Bottles, barrels; kegs; fiber drums. Uses: Medicine; organic, synthesis, manufacture of lacquers, dyes, esters for’ perfumes, succinates; pho- tography; in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, neutral- izing agent. , succinic acid, 2,2-dimethythydrazide (CH3):NNHCOCH;Ch;COOH. Properties: White crystals; m.p. 155°C; pH 3.8 (500