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Fred Hampton — Part 3
Page 37
37 / 251
Nos. 77-1698, 77-1210 & 77-1370 33
spirators; “{clireumstantial evidence may provide ade-
quate proof of conspiracy.” Hoffman-LaRoche, Inc. v.
Greenberg, 447 F.2d 872, 875 (7th Cir. 1971). See also
United States v. Varelli, 407 F.2d 735, 741-42 (7th Cir.
1969). Absent the testimony of a coconspirator, it is
unlikely that direct evidence of a conspiratorial agree-
ment will exist. Thus, the question whether an agree-
ment exists should not be taken from the jury in a civil
conspiracy case so long as there is a possibility that the
jury can “infer from the circumstances [that the alleged
conspirators] had a ‘meeting of the minds’ and thus.
reached an understanding” to achieve the conspiracy’s
oa Adickes v. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 158-59
A plaintiff seeking redress need not prove that each
participant in a conspiracy knew the “exact limits of the
illegal plan or the identity of all participants therein.” -
Hoffman-LaRoche, Inc., supra, 447 F.2d at 875. An ex-
press agreement among all the conspirators is not a
necessary element of a civil conspiracy. The participants
in the conspiracy must share the general conspiratorial
objective, but they need not know all the details of the
plan designed to achieve the objective or possess the
same motives for desiring the intended conspiratorial -
result. To demonstrate the existence of a conspiratorial
agreement, it simply must be shown that there was “a
single plan, the essential nature and general scope of
which [was] known to each person who is to be held
responsible for its consequences.” Jd.
Keeping these standards in mind, when we examine
the evidence presented by both sides in this case in the
light most favorable to the plaintiffs, we conclude that
the district court erred when it ruled that the plaintiffs
had not established a prima facie case of conspiracy.
Our analysis of the plaintiffs’ case leads us to conclude
that the plaintiffs did offer sufficient evidence to warrant
a jury determination of whether a conspiracy existed.
The fact that “all of the evidence . . . does not point in
one direction and different inferences might reasonably
be drawn from it” does not.justify judicial intrusion into
the jury’s role in determining whether a civil conspiracy
existed. Continental Ore Co. v. Union Carbide & Carbon
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