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ot _t auee reo OA naw Sud & 0 - : sation ond does not function in a a formal, Legal manner, it bes hes : member more sthcyes may . i bip rolle but has acherents. | There are recognised leaders wbo achieve iphels atatus by their dedication to the criminal order, their ruthlesenes end their accumulated wealth. These leaders detine the criminal obj ts 49s Ufa, 6 Or cpive th the orders, aad provide the means for reaching the objes 23. The Mafia is not a centrally organized group, but, is rather a e ein a federationlike pattern, Bach Mafia-led gang or ‘group ts usually" " 2 wutomomous in ita own territory and has its distinct spheres at rleaetion send activity. 3i . The Mafia in the United States does not appear to be controlled — 35: 3from abroad, There are, however, close connections and associations a Seat, Charles Lucky" Iucianc, plays an important role, 42" So 43. --.. The Mafia manifests a perennial pattern of criminal characteristics ; 4 yawbich include: (1) association of Sicliian-Italian criminal elements; a cooperation for mutual protection, assistance, growth, and gain;