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SUPREME COURT CASES RELATING TO COMMUNISTS AND SUBVERSIVES _— eweitioe: eft want ed tity nefhalt edt ntotes ot awollye 6a ai evadt fo - _ Abrams v, United States (1919) 250 U.S. 616 cs a bh oe veda, Defendants were convicted of conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act of 1917 by printing and Gistribating circulars containing revolutionary propaganda designed to encourage resistance to the war _ efforts of the United States in order to aid the cause ef the Russian Revolution. The Supreme Court found that the evidence was sufficient to support the convictions and that such propaganda was pot protected by the First Amendment. It affirmed the conviction. . ates ex re} Bilokumsky v, Tod (1923) 263 U.S. 149 Bilokumsky was arrested for deportation as an alien within the. Uaited States im violation of law in that be had in his possession for distribution printed matter advocating overthrow of the govermnent by force or violence. Upon being called as a witness to prove his alienage he stood mute. The Supreme Court affirmed an order discharging a writ of habeas corpus. It held that admission of alienage, which is mot an element of the crime of sedition, would not have tended to incrimizate the witness, and that the immigration officers might properly have inferred the fact of alienage from his silence. United States ex ye), Tisi v. Tod (1924) 264 U.S, 131 Tisi was arrested in deportation proceedings as being within the United States, in violation of lew. The ground specified was knowingly having in his possession for distribution printed matter which advocated the overthrow of the goverment of the United States by force. Tisi claimed