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my, _ Carter, Tre Angry Scar, 216 (N. Y¥. 1952). eta United States of America v. Griginal Knights” of the Ku Klux . Rian, et ais. Civil Action No. 15793 FOOTNOTD . * Although this order is cast in the form of an opinion, it re- presents the Court's findings of fact and conclusions of law. lL. Counsel fe: the individual defendants take the position that the defendant klan does not exist. The proof shows that the kian con- tinues to ewist and to function’as a klan in the benign name of the “anti-Communist Christian Association". See Section II, A of this opinion. : ; ‘ . 2. Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condi- tion of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States (Wash. 1872), p. 28 (Majority Report.) 3. Testimony of General Forrest before the Joint Select Committee. Note 2, p. 6-14, 449-51. ; i. 4. In January 1869 General Forres + issved an order to disband which began "Whereas, the order of the Ku Kiux Klan is in some localities being perverted from its original honoreble and patriotic purposes..." Davis, Authentic History: Ku Klux Kian, 125-28, (Nt-x.. 1928); 5. “There is no doubt about the fact that qreat outrages were ——s~ cotaitted by bands of disguised men during those years of lawlessness ant oppre:sion. The natural tendency cf all such organizations is | to violence and crime: hence it was thet General Forrest and other , mer of iniluence in the state, by the influence of their moral power, iniiuced tiem to disband.” Report of the Joint Select Committee, Note 2, p. 463. (Minority Report.) . 6. In United states Vs Raines, 1°59, 362 U.S. 17, 27, 80 S. Ct. 513, 4 L.Ed. 5:4 upholding the constituticnality of the Civil Rights Act 2 of 1957 ir a suit on behalf of private persons against public offi- '.. ginis, th: Court said: “It is urced that it is beyond the power of Congress io authorize the United States to bring this action in sup- port of private constitutional rights. But there is the highest public interest in the due observance of all the constitutional guarantee::, including those that bear the most directly on private xights, aid we think it perfectly competent for Congress to authorize the Unite States to be guardian of that public interest in a suit for injunctive relief," 7. The parishes of Washington, Tancivehoa, St. Tammany, St. Helena, tivingston, Ascension, East Felicians, West Feliciana, East Baton Rouge, West Baton Rouge, Pointe Coupee, and Iberville. 6 aAff'd. sub. nom, United States v. Thomas 1962, 362 U.S. 58 &.ct. L. Ed. ’