◆ SpookStack

We OT ASA AR wee 1 : APPENDIX BLACK PANTHER PARTY, Formerly Known As Black Panther Party for Self Defense The Black Panther Party (BPP) was organized in December, 1966, at Oakland, California, by Huey P. Newton and Bobby George Seale, with the publicly stated purpose of organizing black people to take control of the life, politics, and destiny of the black community. The current principal officers are Huey P. Newton, Leader and Servant of the People; Bobby George Seale, Chairman; and David Hilliard, Chief of Staff. The Party operates the Black Panther Intercommunal News Service (EPINS) which publishes a newspaper called “The Black Panther," which at one time openly advocated the use of guns and guerrilla tactics in a revolutionary program to_end oppression of the black people, but since early 1971 °° as spoken for a survival program pending revolution. David Hilliard, quoted in "The New York Times," edition of September 13, 1969, stated, "We advocate the very direct overthrow of the Government by way of force and violence." In the April 25, 1970, edition of “The Black Panther," an article advocated the taking up of arms against the Government, killing officials, "thereby passing revolutionary judgment against the number one enemy of all mankind, the racist U. S. Government." During the years 1971-1973, the Party leadership has avoided such extreme statements in favor of calling for action within the established order and urging unity in the black communities. In furtherance of these stated aims, the Party has become extremely active politically in the Oakland, California area, running candidates for City offices. However, during an interview in January, 1972, Newton commented that the current social system will probably have to be destroyed in the long run, but “we can't deal, with it before it is time to deal with it." In an interview appearing in the May, 1973, edition of "Playboy" magazine, Newton said that the Panthers’ "chief ambition is to change the American government by any means necessary," but said he felt that "ultimately it will be through armed violence, because the American ruling class will -} not give up without a bitter struggle." APPENDIX