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cna eoyhiondtncseneie meneame rns ene metlimet S ORVAL Z, DALFOUS, Publiaher 2H9i-c55 HARDIN F.BANCHOFT, Eaeeu, — ¢ Pranident IAANCIB A-COX, View Pr ent ANDREW FISHER, Via Ps idant VAN VEE, Vice President . TURNER CATLIDGE, Executive Raitor OUND, OAKES, Néitarial Pogs Editon = * . LESTER MARKEL, Associate Editor ‘JAMES BESTON, A’ Editor 1 “By 1980 peaceful nuclear reactors around the globe | will ba producing enough by-product plutonium for 15,000 atomic weapons annually. Making such weap> ons will b& @ possibility for almost a score of coun tries, some of them deadly rivals of others, It is to , head off this ‘nightmare prospect that the resumed {session of the UpN. General Assembly, which begins today, will be gsked to endorse the joint Soviet~ American draft fuctear nonproliferation treaty. The complexities of this document and the long arguments over its details at the seventeen-nation Geneva disarmament conference have tended to cloud the mutual interest of present nuclear and nonnuclear countries in halting the nuclear weapons spread. There has been a great deal of loose talk about dividing the world permanently into two classes of nations and niaintaining the “hegemony” of the two superpowers. But what is at stake Is the survival of civilization, something of equal interest to nuclear and nonnuclear nations alike, Seven years have passed since the Irish resolution proposing a nonproliferation pact was adopted unani mously by the General Assembly. Three years of inten- sive Soviet-American negotiation have been required to complete the present draft. The views of the rest of the world, as presented by the representative group of fifteen other nations at Geneva, were considered exhaustively and the General Assembly debate, while vital to the demo- cratic process, is unlikely to bring up anything new. It is obviously impossible to negotiate a treaty—or even to substantially revise it—in a 124-nation body. The essential question that faces the world organi- which he has defended with characteristic zeal but which ke has actually influenced only in marginal ways. His latest speech suggests that Mr. Humphrey has not altered, even if he has sometimes muted, his essentially progressive and humane philosophy. Canadian Election Pierre Elliott Trudeau has called a general election in Canada June 25 for the reason Prime Ministers usually make such decisions in a parliamentary sys- tem: He believes his Libera! party can win it. This could not have been an easy decision for Mr. Trudeau to announce only three days after taking office and barely two weeks after his election as Liberal party leader. In his first press conference as Jeader April 7 he saw "no need for an early general election.” ‘Some experienced members of his Cabinet—dubbed the “chickens” by Ottawa jouralists—argued against a June election on grounds both of principle and of expediency. They wamed that opposition parties would charge Mr. Trudeau with opportunism—trying to ride to a House of Commons majority on an evident tide of popularity and the waves of publicity that accompanied his rise to the leadership, They said it would be better politics, too, for him to be seen acting as Prime Minister in Parliament and throughout the country for several months before calling an election in the autumn. In the end the Liberal “foxes,” ted by Mr. Trudeau's Tong-time Quebec associate, Manpower Minister Jean Marchand, won the day with their argument for maintaining the momentum built up by the leadership zation, thus; is whether -to sseizo,the moment-and— Victory, and going straight into a June election. assure conclusion of the pact or to delay, continue ' the debate over detail and risk loss of the most important East-West agreement since World War IL For that indeed is the danger that lies behind the move by some African countries to postpone a vote until the Geneva meeting next August of the world's nonnuclear countries. . There are severat countries, presently or soon-to-be | nuclear capable, which have substantive reservations "about the treaty and undoubtedly will delay in signing. | Brazil remains concemed about being able to benefit | from peaceful nuclear explosions, despite pledges of the nuclear powers to provide equal access to such services at low cost, when available. India remains concerned about the threat from Communist China, despite the nuclear guarantee through the Security Council offered by the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. Rumania, out te show its independence, has raised numefoys questions. Other ‘nuclear-capable countries which have had ervations in the past, such as West Germany, Ilaly, Japan, Israel and Fgypt, have had most of their concems satisfied, yet can hardly be called enthusi- xstie about the pact. They are unlikely to vote against i, however, or even to delay unduly in signing—unless he current African move to delay the whole process jains momentum. ‘a result the three or four weeks of debate’ ‘Mr. Trudeau at 48 won the Libera! leadership above all because, even more than younger rivals, he had come in a short time to symbolize the desire for substantial change in Canada. He rocketed to the top as Lester B. Pearson’s successor in large part because he was new to the Liberal party and emphatically not a fixture of the Ottawa governing establishment. Robert Stanfield, leader of the Progressive-Con- servative opposition, is certainly“no mossback but the image he projects is that of orthodox, safe, respectable conservatism. He has made little impact in the House of Commons. ‘The election, then, should provide a clear-cut test between the forces of traditionalism and the forces of change in Canada. /' + | Urban Aid for New Jersey Gov. Richard J. Hughes has shown courage Io pro- posing a special $125-mitlion urban aid program to a politically hostile Legislature in New Jersey. His pro- gram indicates far moze understanding of the realities of the situation, as shown by the report of the com- mission that investigated the Newark riots, than che Republican alternative. ‘Thus the Governor wants to carry out the commis- 's recommendation that the state take over New: ark's public school system, which it found on the ‘The Republicans, instead, propose a verge of collapse. ot can't ove cabbies 1 ing some vic Bohby’s pulicir and this’ is. hi paign for the worrying his t ‘At the sam a strong and © following of n who believe pa convictions. V are half-hearte: sonally of indi views. He seer deepest | an problem for ac for the reconci vided naticn. The Kennedys It Is very diff the size of thes ferent groups very easy 10 strength of the nedys have ted th tof seven overcome the end. - Zohn F. Ker popular with By CL SL PARIS —Talt art of statesma see the inevitat dite its occur precisely what lieves with res His Canadian ranks very hig! obviously based tion that the people of Que! and intend to rule of 0; tion of the rene ‘the situation in policy based o What might 0 garded as a te: Saispateh by | Vincial Gavern Ottawa Nationa a minister to ¢ national confer: speaking counte fore assumes it cance. ‘A Matter of F ‘The Canadian’ ‘gen placed 1p: of cleft stick Gauile likes to: tims. Last Janu similar edvcsti of Francophone and Quebec—ar invited to atten Issue of ‘Ii in Dra To the Editor: On Aprit 18 ported that Dr.B attorney had 1 ‘missal of the inc his client on t many of the a indictment wen