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366 AMENDING .fIGRATORY LABOR LAWS And actually if you'll average it out, aud I’m sure my figures are correct—— Mr. Cuavez. It’s a lot more if you figure $2.50 a day, 7 days’ work, would not be $40; wouldn't be $40. ‘ Congressman Hacen. Well, you divide $2.50 into $40, I don't know how many days’ board that is, but, say 12 days, something like that. But that’s part of the problem we have in trying to deal with this problem of farm labor, all the misrepresentations that are made, the truth gets lost in lies. Or maybe not deliberate lies, but glossing over the true facts. And if you want the Congress to act sensibly on this deal, youve got to be factual. And this is not an emotional issue. This is a matter of economics. Mr. Cravez. I think that if you examined the pay stubs closely, youu find that the deductions that are listed in your columns to the left do nat agree with the total deductions made. Con, man Hagen. Well, there are some deductions there for social sa@™rity. I understand this $40.64 includes an item of 3 cents for ma or something like this. But these are services thet were furni: , 1 mean, the worker by the grower. And I assume board isa valuable service, I mean, we all have to eat. Mr. Cuavez. But still the total deductions at the end do not repre- sent—and we've never been able to find out what these deductions were. And even if you consider the net pay, if you consider the net pay, you still have to consider—or the gross pay, you have to consider that the amount deducted, total amount, does not appear anywhere. The worker has no idea why his money is deducted, in fact, no idea that he actually earned his money. Congressman Hacen, Well, Tim not trying to argue with you. I saw this article in the Valley Labor Citizen, so I asked the Schenley people. $40 for insurance seemed ridiculous to me, and that’s what they tell me that is, is his board at $2.50 a day, and plus 3 cents for three boxes of matches, or something like that. Senator Wiu1ams. Well, I'll tell you, it seéms to me that in fair- ness, as far as these deductions are concerned, you don’t know what they mean. Mr. Caavez. The worker doesn’t know what they mean. Senator Wiiztaars. Well, it certainly isn’t clear on the face of these vouchers, and yet obviously these are the vouchers, although they are two colors, don’t know, maybe something’s left out of this one, because you see it’s dark on the left and the last two-thirds are light. I wonder what the reason for that is. Is there part of the voucher that’s missing? Do you see the difference in color? Mr. Cuavez. I do, yes. Senator Wni1ams. Maybe something is missing there. But I cer- tainly would be interested in knowing what the deductions are for. But on the other business of recruitment, you suggest that the method was in violation of a California State law, which T frankly didn’t know about. Senator Murphy made his observation. TI would think—we have 2 more days in California—and I would think in faieness we ought to extend ourselves and make time avail- able to this particular company to come in and reply to this, ator Mureuy. Also the district attorney. Senator Wriutaus. I agree.