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TT ae ee a a a ete tate tetneeeriadnt iene Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R000100330001-5 ARMS AID...Continued recent interview that the current administration took office amid “growing concern in this country with the spread of the communist empire into various outposts.” ’ Top officials agreed that their pol- icies echo those of the Kennedy ad- ministration in many ways, but they said they have placed more emphasis on training others to resist guerrilla movements than on using U.S. forces. But if U.S. troops are needed, they said, the lessons of Vietnam will influence the troops’ deployment. “The military as well as the civil- ian side in the administration. rec- ognize the importance of having a coherent strategy of first, if at all possible, avoiding the possibility of US. combat forces being involved ... and second, should it be neces- sary, to make sure that an interven- tion should succeed,” Ikle said. The emphasis on counterinsurgen- cy has created some unease within the Pentagon, where generals who came of age in Vietnam question the usefulness of U.S. power in what they cali “low-intensity” conflicts. - Few seem to dispute the administra- tion’s characterization of Soviet aims—“to put the West’s access to petroleum and other strategic raw materials at risk,” one official said recently. But many ask how much the U.S. military can do in places like El Salvador. Noel Koch, Defense Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger’s top aide for ~ special forces, said in a recent inter- - view that there is a “shortfall... in doctrinal development” for guerrilla wars, The newly formed Joint Spe- cial Operations Agency—which will report to the Joint Chiefs of Staff— is moving to correct that problem, he said. In the meantime, the administra- tion is not waiting to demonstrate its resolve to be more active in the Third World: «The Pentagon requested $6.4 billion in foreign military aid this. year, as against $2.4 billion in 1980, according to Pentagon officials. Among the major recipients of U.S. assistance are countries such as Pak-. istan, which the Carter administra- tion held at arm’s length because of. concerns about nuclear proliferation _SPECIAL EDITION -- TERRORISM -- 26 JUNE 1984 WASHINGTON POST 11 June 1984 Pg.2 _ Correction - A report yesterday on mil- itary aid to the Third World should have said that, ae- cording to Congressional Re- search Service analyst Rich- - ard F. Grimmett, the United States concluded a record $14.9 billion in arms-transfer agreements. to developing . countries in 1982. and human rights. To ease the burden on poor coun- tries seeking arms, the. administra- tion has offered grants instead of loans or has sought to ease lending terms. In 1982, it created the Special Defense Acquisition Fund, which stockpiles arms and equipment to allow quicker transfers, and in each succeeding year it has sought to in- crease the fund's size. ‘eIn 1982, the United States transferred a record $149 billion worth of arms to Third World coun- tries, according to Congressional Re- search Service analyst Richard F. Grimmett. Last year the total fell to $9.5 billion, but the U.S, share of the Third. World market nonetheless tose from 32 percent to.39 percent. “Carter believed that arms sales are basically immoral, and he dis- couraged official support,” said re- tired Air Force Lt. Gen. James Ahmann, a Northrup Corp. execu- tive who until 1982 headed the De- fense Security Assistance Agency. “That negativism on trying to help our friends and allies has disap- peared.” ‘© To permit more U.S. military training, the administration has pe- titioned Congress with mixed success to scrape away what Ikle called “the barnacles that restrict our ability to help our friends in the post-Vietnam period.” _— The administration” has sought permission to train foreign police and maritime forces;.to send more than the current legal maximum of six military advisers to Tunisia, Leb+ anon, Yemen, Pakistan, Sudan, Hon- ' duras, Venezuela and elsewhere; to _lower the amount it must charge for military training; and to send train- Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDB96-00788R000100330001-5 SUMMIT. ..Continued went on to endorse the “confidence- building” measures proposed by the United States that would improve communications between the super- powers and among their allies to re- duce the risk of surprise attack and accidental war. Thatcher issued a statement from the chair about the Iran-Iraq war that she said the other nations had agreed to, expressing the “hope and desire ... that both sides will cease their attack on each other and on the shipping of other states,” and urging respect for the “principle of freedom of navigation.” _ The statement voiced “deep con- cern at the mounting toll in human suffering, physical damage and bit- terness.” The formal communique pledged coordination of oil resources to deal with any shortages arising from the Persian Gulf war. The communique also endorsed an international manned space sta- tion, which is planned by the United States, and took note of the “gener- "ous and thoughtful invitation” - by Reagan to the other summit nations that would allow them to use the re- sources of this station. “President Reagan’s vision is a long-term partnership in the peace- ful use of space—a permanent, fully international space station built by the United States together with its friends and allies, and used by all nations as an operating environment in which to work and learn,” said.a US. official. ers to dictatorial countries like Uru- guay that have been off limits, “It's precisely by bringing these people into the United States and letting them see how a democracy manages its military... that you have a certain hope of affecting the political life in these countries,” Ikle said. ¢ The Reagan administration has expanded previous plans to establish a network of bases and facilities around the world. The overseas mil- itary construction budget increased from $1.79 billion in fiscal year 1981 to a proposed $2.14 billion in fiscal 1985, with more increases forecast. The increase partly reflects imple- mentation of two Carter administra- CONTINUED NEXT PAGE