◆ SpookStack

na nee Or ee Ie pe re 1950 mo power other then to investigate. People often write to Senators, and say in thelr letters, “With a man like J. Edgar Hoover at the head of the FBI, how is it that this situation exists?” For their benefit I think it-should be stated that the PBI has no power whatever except to dig up facts and report them to the Department of¢Jusiice or other executive agencies. - Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr, McCARTHY. I siteld. Mr. FERGUSON. On that point, let me inquire whether tt is also true that the Secretary of State has the sole power to discharge, without trial, anyone in the State Department whom he thinks might be disloyal. Mr. McCARTHY. I so understand—— under the McCarran amendment. Mr. FERGUSON. Yes, under the Mc- Carran Act. Mr. McCARTHY. I so understand: and I understand that it applies both to ‘ employees of the State Department and to civil-service employees. ; 4 Mr. FERGUSON. 80 it is not neces- sary for a trial to be held in such cases, but the Secretary of State has full power to discharge. and that power was given Oe hier, ie PHAD- wrene tt mot 3 WAP BLA40) 41) AOE, WOO Ll Le . Mr. McCARTHY. Yes: and I intend to call attention to it. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield at this point? Mr. McCARTHY. Not until I finish reading this statement. I shall be gled, when I finish reading it, to yield to the Senator. I read further from the statement, reading what was said by the FBI man: In accordance with instructions of the “State Department to the FBI. the FBI was ficet even permitted to open an espionage case against any Russia suspect without State Department approval, Incidentally, Mr. President, this was testimony given at e hearing of a Senate subcommittee, headed by the Senator from Maryland (Mr. O’Conon), 2 read further: Mr. Arews. Did the State Department ever Withhold from the Justice Department the Fight to intern wuspecte? Mr. Eeaity. They Withheld the right to get out process for them which, in effegy, kept them from being arrested, as in the Case of Bchevchenko and others, Mr. ARENS In how many instances did the State Department decline to permit process to be served on Boviet agents? Mr. Kreiry. Do you mean how many Soviet agents were affected? Mr. Axens. Yes. Mr. Erzity. That would be dificult to say because there were so many people connected in one espionage ring, whether or not they Were directly conspiring with the ring. Mr. ARENS. Was that order applicable to ali persons? Mr. Rreicy. Yes: all persons in the Boviet- sepionage organization. Mr. Amrns. What did you say the order was as you understood It of as it came to pou? Mr. Erettr That no arrests of any suspects in the Russiah-esplonage activities in the United States were to be Made without the prior approval of the State Department. That means the prior approval of the Alger Hisses and the Wadieighs in the State Department. te - €d..GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA «- Thx fe not entirely correct: setually I read further: . Now the reason for the State Department's Dpposttion bo arreming any of this spy ring is made rather clear in the next question Sand answer, Benator O'Cowoa. Did you understand Sune bane eK te het ote 2 et PERL LEE WES I AU A) Ae ticipante? “Mr. Eraisr. Yes: because tf they were arrested that would disclose the whole appa- Fatus, Jou see.” Meaning the whole apparatus both in- alde gd outside the Btate Department. I read further: In other words they could not afford to let the whole ring which extended into the State Department be exposed. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President. will the Benator yield? Mr. McCARTHY. Not at this time. The Senator has insisted that I read this statement, and I shall read all of it be- fore I yield. I now read further: This brings us down to the case of one Alger Hiss who ls t hot a2 an indi- vidual any more, Dut rather bechus be is so representative of a group in the State Department. It is unnecessary to go over the Sordid events showing how he sold out the Nation which had given him so much. Those are rather fresh in a! of our minds. However, it should be remembered that the facts in regard to his connection with this international Communist spy ring were Tosde Known to the then Under Secretary of State Berle 3 days after Hitler and Stalin signed the Russo-German ajilance pact. At that time one Whittaker Chambers—who was also part of the spy ring-—apparently decided that with Russia on Hitler's aide, he could no longer betray our Nation to Russia. He gave Under Secretary of State Berle-—and this in al! a matter of record—practicaliy ali, if not more, of the facts upon which Hiss’ Conviction was based. Unger Secretary Berle promptly contacted Serbeenn snd receivet tor tn watt Seu gai DU PeveiFeu worl 1 reuurn that 4 cheson (and I quote) “could youch for Hiss absclutely'--at which time the Matter was dropped. And this, you under- stand, waa at a time when Russia Was an ally of Germany. This condition existed while Russia and Germany were invading and dimmembering Poland, and while the Com- MTunist groupe bere were etreaming “war monger" at the United States for thet sup- port of the allied nations. Again in 1043, the FBI had occasion to in- Yestigate the facte Hiss’ con- tacts with the Russian spy ring. But even after that PBI report was subnoitted, nothing was dope. Then late in 1948—on August 6-—-when the Un-American Activities Committee called Alger Hiss to give an accounting, President Truman at once issued a Prealdential direc- tive ordering all Government agencies to refuse to turn over any information whatso- @ver in regard to the Communist activities of any Government employee to a congras- mona! committee. Incidentally, convicted— The statement should have been “even after Hiss was indicted"— it ls interesting to note that the President Btlil labeled the exposé of Hiss as & “red her- even after Hise was Fing. If time permitted. it might be well to go into detail] about the fact that Hiss was ,RMocsevelt's chief adviser at Yalta when Roosevelt was admittedly in ill health and dred physically and mentally * *© * and when, according to the Becretary of Btate, Hiss and Gromyko drafted the report on the conference. =a the report on the conference was drafted by Hiss. <Gromyko, and en Englishman establishment of a Burcpean High Commis- sion; (2) the treatment of Germany—--this ‘you will recall was the conference st which it was decided that we would cocupy Pen eircling the city, which. wulted in the Berlin “airlift which cost 81 American lives; (3) the Polish question; (4) ene relationship between ONRRA and tha BGoviet; (5) the rights of Americans on oon- trol commissions of Rumanis, Bulgaria, Hungary; (6) Iran: (7) Chine—haere’s where ‘we gave away Manchuria; (8) Turkish Gtraite question; (9) international trustes- ships; (10) Kores. Of the results of this conference, Arthur ¢ of the State Department had this to Shy: “As I glanced over the document, I eould not belleve my eyes. To me, almost every line spoke of a surrender to Stalin.” 4s you hear this story of high treason, I know that you are saying to yourself, “Well, why doesn't the Congreas do about it?” y, £ one of the important reasons for the graft, the corruption, the dishonesty, the disloy- alty, the treason In high Government posi- tons—one of the most important reasons why this continues is a lack of moral upris- ing on the pert of the 140,000,000 American In the light of history, however, this ia not hard to Ft is the result of an emotional hang-over and & temporary moral lapee which follows every war. It ts the apethy to evil which people who have been subjected to the tre- mendcus evils of war feel. As the people of the world see mass murder, the destruction of the crime and lack of morals which go with war, they become numb and apathetic. It bas always been thus after war. However, the morala of our people have not been destroyed, They stil] exist. This eloak of numbness and apathy bas only needed & spark to rekindie them. Happily, this spark has finally been supplied. As you know, very recentiy the Gecretary of State proclaimed his loyalty to a man guilty of what bas always been considered es the Most abcmonible of alt crimes-—of be- ing a traitor to the people who gave him a position of great trust. The Secretary of Btate in attempting to justify his continued devotion to the man who sold cut the Chris- an world to the atheistic world, referred to Christ’s Sermon on the Mount as a justifica- tion and reason therefor, and the reaction of the American peopie to this would have made the heart of Abraham Lincoln happy. When thie pompous diplomat in striped pants, with a phony British accent, pro- tlaimed to the American people that Christ om the Mount endorsed communiam, high treason, and betrayal’ of a sacred trust, the blasphemy was so great that it awakened the dormant indignation of the American people. He has lighted the spark which is resulting fm a moral uprising and will end only when the whole sorry mes of twisted, warped thinkers are swept from the nstional scene po that we may have a new birth of national bonesty and decency in Government.. Mr. President, that answers the ques- tion of the Senator from Tllinols as to the number of Communists I stated were in the State Department. J have stated I bave the names of 57. Let me make it Be ( %