◆ SpookStack

é e465 ren! as? Sapwen hye Yet mares Hng ited States’ We rydn-(1%0)° $39 U 8.323 aii aa ear vie ‘, a “i ° | amancee ut * Respondent was executive ‘secretary ‘of the Joint anti-Fasctst " Refugee Comaittee and kad custody of its records. : She refused te produce such records in coapliance with a subpoena of a Congressional Committee = ma merle and ted of will Statutes. She denied guilt on the ground that a quorum had mot been present when she appeared on the returs day. The Court held that the presence of a quorum of the committee at the time of the return of the subpoena was mot an essential ingredient of the offense. Since defendant had made mo objection to the lack of a quorum at the tine, she could not rely on it as a defense on her trial for willful default. wee oy el. i a ar ‘, _ Yoyom ite |fs TD eterto Waited States v. Fleischman (1950) 339 U.S. 49 The defendant was a member of the executive board of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Comittee, She and other members of the board were subpoenaed to produce certain records of the Committee before a Committee of Congress. She pleaded that she was unable to comply because she did not ‘have custody of the records. She was convicted of willful default under $102 of the Revised Statutes. The Supreme Court sustained the conviction, It held that when one accepts an office of joint responsibility in which ‘compliance with lawful orders require joint action by the body of which he is & member, he assumes an individual responsibility to sot, within the limits of his power, to bring about compliance with such an order. an C : ations ssociation v. Dond 5 (1950) 339 U.S. $82 - ‘In two cases where the National Labor Belations Board had withheld certain benefits of the National Labor Relations Act from unions