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SOVIET ESPIONAGE By ALEXANDER FOOTE Author of ‘ Handbook for Spies’ AVENG been for nine years a Soviet agent—against Cer- aminy but never against Britain~-b daresay that FP approach wig case of Burgess and Maclean from a rather special point of view, Ever since their disappearance in s¥51 there have been questions in my mind which have not been wamwered by the White Papor sted on Friday. Let me, at the tutset, make it quite clear that 1 fave no special Knowkdge of this cash; oy familianyy with Soviet eypfonage ccased in 1947, when 1 saved in Berlin from Moscow and defoted to the West. The question which | continue to vek myself aboat Burgess and Maclean 1 this: How did they per wade the Sovict authorities to uepart from normal practice a Jtrange their removal to, the Sovie! ‘onion? . . . To grasp the poiat of this wucstion, the reader shuuld under. { sand how the Soviet espionage tem works and the functions of its nponent categories, There are ibrce of these. At the head of the eapiogage network in a particular sauntry—he usuxlly fives just out. side the country he is working insi—-is the Resident Dircetor? vcs the only operator in possession of the codes and is in full charge uf eqmmunications, incidentally, it is Ue transmitting of material--actal dpcuments. or photographs pf | sipeumients-that makes up ningty | pes cent. of the task of espionage. RE: MacLE&n CASE (Bofile 100-3713) IME OBSERVER SEPTEMBER 25, 19955 LONDON, ENGLAND Alexander Poste. whase cured is briefly explainnd in Tab fatk on the opposite page. Fetch and Carry’, Below the Resident Director cong: (le “couriers” and * posthoxcsf* {persons ti whose fomes documents tbe deposited for collec vourieo), and the radio — tele- sraphists, All these arg, as a rule. made officers of the Red Army, { whatever their rank or sex, They ate Wi a sense mechanics) their role is to fetch ad carry material between the “Resident “Director and his j “ saure The “sources are nearly always | pationals of the country in question, isympathetic to the Soviet Unio: They must occupy positions which give them direct contuct with ine formation of potential value to i Muscow. Maclean and Bargess were * sources.” Now the point to bear in mind about a “source "is that he js of use ily if he retains access to impgrtant ibformation. Note that a “soyree ™ if not a trained agent, like the fResi- dpat Director, or to a lesser detent, He is useful only in ose! NOT NEO: Ga QeT 12°