◆ SpookStack

(an like a «ascist.” He behaved Cc Ro-sveiz-in fact, that Gen-. eral Franco awarded him the Red Cross af—ritttrary Merit. The First Glimmers When the civil war ended, Philby had completed two Philby had traveled in Centrarand Eastern Europe Giring university vacations and after graduation #171035" he went for an extended stay to Germanygand Austria. It was hei then, in the years as an undercover early da; the Nazi ter- Cammunist in Franco's ror, that Ehilby’s resolve camp. But was he already was hardened, He became a determined Communist, and he was recruited as an agent. A few months after he left Cambridge, Philby was giv- en his lifetime task—to pen- etrate British intelligence. Every piece of objective evi- dence available points to this Period in late 1933, and is corroborated by the accounts Philby has given to his chil- dren who have visited him in Moscow since his defec- tion from Beirut jn 1963. On Feb. 23, 1934, Philhy married an Austrian Jewish girl, Alice Friedmann, in Vienna. She was an avowed Communist, and now liveg in ast Berlin with her ird jusband, Philby and Alice returi jed tiLondon, where he becane an assistant edilor on a dying liberal magazine. But Phiiby was to spend the next five years carefully obscur- ing his left-wing past be- neath a right-wing camou- spying on the British? There are two bits of evidence. One is that an officer named Pedro Giro recalls that in a cafe in Salamanca a German agent passed a note to him with a warning against two men then in the cafe. According to the Ger- man, these men were Brit- ish agents. Twice sibse- quently, Giro saw Philby locked in conversation with the same two men. Another point was noticed by Sam Pope Brewer, a New York Times correspondent ‘whose wife, Eleanor, Ppil- by was to acquire 20 ycars later in Beirut). At press conferences, Kim was |al- ways the last questiofier and the man who wanted to know just which regiment had made just which move. Perhaps at this point Phil- by, anxious to ingratiate himself with British intetli- fence men, was collecting and passing on any tidbits he could get. flage. Obviously an excellent Zany Correspondent way to insulate oneself When the British expedi- his crucial penetration of Britiph intelligence. se conditions were no- whege better than at the house where young Intelli- gence officers set up resi- dence. Among them were Guy Burgess and a number of homosexuals, heavy drinkers and hangerson of varying types. Philby was Immediately taken into the department for sabotage, subversion and propaganda, His particular job was lecturing on propa- ganda leaflet technique. Philby was later transfered to a unit training for un- armed combat behind en- emy lines, but his stammer and the fact that his work in {Spain had made him kngwn to a great many man military people made it seem suicidal to send him into occupied Europe. ' So in the summer of 1941 Philby was recruited for work in the Secret Intelli- gence Service. This agency, better known as MI-6, wes end is con- cerned with espionage and counter-espionage in foreign countries. (M1-5, the home unit of the mythical James Bond, concerns itself with against charges of commu- nism was to condone Hitler's Nazi regime, which both Philby and Burgess did by joining the Anglo-German Fellowship. Philby managed tq have his picture taken at a} Swastika-decked ; dinner... tionary force left for France to fight the Germans, Kim Philby went with them as the London Times’ No. 1 war correspondent. His colleague, Bob Cooper, thought Philby a wild, slightly drunken and rather brutal youl counter-espionage in Britain and the colonies). Both agen- cies had suffered a severe contraction since the palmy days of World War I. ML4 had escaped any basic . reforms. During the 30s it had done its recruiting, in iS was in 1936, just before |, thq outbreak of the Spanish ;' Civil War, which gave Phil-'! by another opportunity to establish his public politipal "in Spain, where he had Philby went to Spain] in |. 8cquired a Royalist mistress, February, 1937, and began |- + reporting as a free-lance. - writer from the Franco side, '' Recently in Moscow, Phil- by told his son John:. “I wouldn't have lasted a week | fa Spain with it behaving | a Coe gan, Kim, it seems, was 4d- icted to a curious | game which involved bust- ing people's knuckles, Also, ‘as rather conspicuously‘ Yuing with @ girl, ttrs~time - ly Margaret Vane-Tem-! . pest-Stewart. I Other colleagues stl “saw him as slightly pro- fas. ’ cist.’ He wore the Franco decoration on his uniform, ine disaster of uniform in June, 1940, brought Bhilett F by back to London. At last. canditions were, vendy' fort } the tradition of the Great ‘Game of the establishment, « from the British police force | rich, ypper-class young men from }ondon’s financial dis- trict. y . It was these men, often * exactly, spying on the Ger j in Indja and partly among , known as “the stockbrokers,” who gave the Servicef its connection with tes, Club, one of London's post exclusive men’s clubs. This notorious liaiso& stands at the center of any picture of the wartime secret service. And it epitomizes the rougish, dilettante quality of MLS, of which the rest of Whitehall, and especially the embroyonic professionals of MI-5, were to become in- creasingly contemptuous over the next decade. Most of the top brass be- longed there, including Sir Steward Menzies, the MI-6 chief untit 1951 and the model for Ian Fleming's fic- The etiquette of the time tional security chief “M.* was to leave Menzie alone with his personal assistant when they were together, since it was understood that they were “running the secret service or something.” White's provided, too, a fertile source for emergency wartime recruits, on the basic English principle that if you could not trust your club, who could you trQst? As for Menzies himéelf, one former subordinate} re- calls: “He was terrifying to work with because he acted entirely on instinct. He rarely read a single case right through, yet he often ~ came in with the answer.” Counter-Espionage Kim Philpy became part of Section Five of MI ~ which was responsible for... counter-esptonage, or more“ man spies, Through ~ pi sonal contact supplied ‘his old colleague Guy Bup-~ > gess, Philby became: hegd of the Iberian subsectio: " “Philby just did not have,